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طراحی مدل ارتباط بین گرافیک محیطی و احساس امنیت در تماشاگران استادیوم‌های فوتبال ایران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت معلم شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

3 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت معلم شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف:احساس امنیت در فضاهای عمومی یکی از مهم‌ترین شاخصه‌ای کیفیت فضا محسوب می‌شود و به نظر می‌رسد بهره‌مندی از ﮔﺮاﻓﻴﻚ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ استادیوم‌ها بتواند موجب ایجاد حس امنیت در تماشاگران شود. لذا هدف پژوهش حاضر، طراحی مدل ارتباطی گرافیک محیطی و حس امنیت در تماشاگران فوتبال ایران بود.
روش : روش پژوهش توصیفی-تبیینی از نوع کاربردی و ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته‌ای با 5 مؤلفه گرافیک محیطی و 6 مؤلفه احساس امنیت بود که روایی آن توسط 15 تن از متخصصین و پایایی کلی پرسشنامه با استفاده از آزمون آلفای کرونباخ (گرافیک محیطی 0/748، احساس امنیت 0/911) و پایایی ترکیبی (گرافیک محیطی 0/800، احساس امنیت 0/925) به­دست آمد. مؤلفه‌های گرافیک محیطی شامل علائم راهنمایی، پیکتوگرام، طراحی گرافیکی (دیوارنوشته)، آگهی و پوسترتبلیغاتی و سیستم هدایت بصری و مؤلفه‌های احساس امنیت شامل حس مکان، هویت مکان، خاطره‌انگیزی، خوانایی، ادراک عمومی و لذت بصری و نهایتاً فرم و ریخت‌شناسی بود. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه، تماشاگران استادیوم‌های فوتبال لیگ برتر ایران و نمونه آماری 384 نفر بود که به‌صورت تصادفی ساده و متناسب با حجم استادیوم‌ها انتخاب شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحقیق نشان داد بین گرافیک محیطی و احساس امنیت در تماشاگران ارتباط معناداری وجود دارد و شدت این ارتباط بر اساس معیارR2  در نرم‌افزار PLS برابر 0/553 بود که نشان­گر ارتباط قوی بین این دو متغیر است. ازاین‌رو ضروری است در طراحی، ساخت و تجهیز استادیوم‌های فوتبال، با استفاده از ظرفیت متخصصان گرافیک محیطی، حس امنیت به تماشاگران حاضر در ورزشگاه القاء شود و تا از ناهنجاری‌های اجتماعی، فرهنگی یا عدم بازگشت مجدد به ورزشگاه‌ها، پیشگیری گردد.
اصالت و ابتکار مقاله:  در این مقاله به طراحی یک مدل نوین با ارتباطی دهی بین دو متغیر تحت عنوان گرافیک محیطی و احساس امنیت با جامعه تماشاگران فوتبال پرداخته شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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نشریه کسب و کار در ورزش
دوره 1، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
زمستان 1399 و بهار1400
دی 1399
صفحه 79-98
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هم رسانی
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