نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.
2 دکترای مدیریت ورزشی، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
چکیده
هدف: این پژوهش به تدوین مدل نگاشتی شناختی فازی عوامل مؤثر بر تبلیغات شخصیسازی شده در صنعت کالاهای ورزشی با استفاده از روش کیفی و نظریه زمینهای بر اساس رویکرد گلیزر و مبتنی بر رویکرد نگاشتی شناختی فازی است.
روش: ابزار اصلی این پژوهش توصیفی-اکتشافی، مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با افراد آگاه و خبره فعال در حوزه مورد نظر بود. نمونهگیری با استفاده از گلوله برفی برای انتخاب شرکتکنندگان از بین متخصصان بازاریابی ورزشی، برندهای ورزشی و صنعت ورزش و اساتید دانشگاه در رشتههای مدیریت ورزشی، مدیریت بازرگانی، مدیریت فناوری که دارای ویژگیهای مورد نظر بودند، انجام شد. پس از انجام 14 مصاحبه، دادههای به دستآمده کدگذاری شد. پس از جمعبندی موضوعات مطرح شده توسط کارشناسان، 7 شاخص اصلی و 33 زیرشاخص در تبلیغات شخصی سازی شده در صنعت لوازم ورزشی به دست آمد. سپس بر اساس دانش صاحبنظران، روابط بین مفاهیم در قالب مدل نگاشتی شناختی فازی ترسیم شد. برای ترسیم مدل شناختی فازی و محاسبه شاخصهای مربوطه از نرمافزارهای Excel، FCMapper و FCM EXPERT استفاده شد.
یافتهها: بر اساس نتایج، مدیریت ارتباط با مشتری بیشترین تأثیر را از سایر عوامل میپذیرد. همچنین، نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که مدیریت دانش مشتری بیشترین تأثیر را بر عوامل مدل شخصیسازی تبلیغات دارد. مدیریت ارتباط با مشتری، مشتریان خوشهبندی و مدیریت دانش مشتری به ترتیب دارای بالاترین درجه مرکزیت هستند. این بدان معنی است که آنها بیشترین تأثیر را بر روی مدل دارند.
اصالت و ابتکار مقاله: در این مطالعه، به تدوین مدل نگاشتی شناختی فازی عوامل مؤثر بر تبلیغات شخصیسازی شده در صنعت کالاهای ورزشی بررسی شد که تاکنون مطالعهای بر روی آن انجام نشده است.
کلیدواژهها
- Baek, T. H., & Morimoto, M. (2012). Stay Away From Me. Journal of Advertising, 41(1), 59-76. https://doi.org/10.2753/JOA0091-3367410105
- Ball, A. D., Coelho, P. S., & Vilares, M. J. (2006). Service personalization and loyalty. Journal of Services Marketing, 20(6), 391 - 403. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876040610691284
- Banini, G. A., & Bearman, R. A. (1998). Application of fuzzy cognitive maps to factors affecting slurry rheology. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 52(4), 233-244. https:// doi.org/10.1016/S0301-7516(97)00071-9
- Bose, R., & Sugumaran, V. (2003). Application of knowledge management technology in customer relationship management. Knowledge and Process Management, 10(1), 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1002/kpm.163
- De Keyzer, F., Dens, N., & De Pelsmacker, P. (2015). Is this for me? How Consumers Respond to Personalized Advertising on Social Network Sites. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 15(2), 124-134. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2015.1082450
- Eden, C., Ackermann, F., & Cropper, S. (1992). The analysis of cause maps. Journal of Management Studies, 29(3), 309-324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1992.tb00667.x
- Evans, M. (1989). Consumer behaviour towards fashion. European Journal of Marketing, 23(7), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000000575
- Feng, J., Li, H., Huang, M., Liu, S., Ou, W., Wang, Z., & Zhu, X. (2018, April 23-27). Learning to collaborate: Multi-scenario ranking via multi-agent reinforcement learning. Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference, Lyon France. https://arxiv.org/ pdf/1809.06260.pdf
- Furnham, A. (2019). Advertising: The contribution of applied cognitive psychology. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 33(2), 168-175. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3458
- Garcia-Murillo, M., & Annabi, H. (2002). Customer knowledge management. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 53(8), 875-884. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors. 2601365
- Geib, M., Kolbe, L. M., & Brenner, W. (2006). CRM collaboration in financial services networks: a multi‐case analysis. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 19(6), 591-607. https://doi.org/10.1108/17410390610708481
- Hadian, H., Razavi, S. M. H., Boroumand, M. R., & Amirnejad, S. (2020). Strategies for Developing Economy of Iran’s Sports Industry. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 8(4), 0-0. https://doi.org/10.29252/aassjournal.843
- Harary, F., & Norman, R. Z. (1965, January 1). Structural Models: An Introduction to the Theory of Directed Graphs (1st ed.). John Wiley & Sons. https://www.amazon.com/Structural-Models-Introduction-Theory-Directed/dp/047135130X
- Hosseini, M., & Shabani, M. (2015). New approach to customer segmentation based on changes in customer value. Journal of Marketing Analytics, 3(3), 110-121. https://doi.org/10.10 57/jma.2015.10
- Jai, T.-M., Burns, L. D., & King, N. J. (2013). The effect of behavioral tracking practices on consumers’ shopping evaluations and repurchase intention toward trusted online retailers. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 901-909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.12.021
- Kandasamy, W. V., & Smarandache, F. (2003). Fuzzy cognitive maps and neutrosophic cognitive maps. Infinite Study. https://arxiv.org/ftp/math/papers/0311/0311063.pdf
- Keimasi, M., & Khoshnevis, M. (2021). Analyzing Customers' Behaviors with Approach of Measuring Visual Attention of Users to Websites Banner Advertising. Consumer Behavior Studies Journal, 8(1), 22-37. https://doi.org/10.34785/J018.2021.489
- Khodakarami, F., & Chan, Y. E. (2014). Exploring the role of customer relationship management (CRM) systems in customer knowledge creation. Information & Management, 51(1), 27-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2013.09.001
- Kim, J. W., Lee, B. H., Shaw, M. J., Chang, H.-L., & Nelson, M. (2001). Application of Decision-Tree Induction Techniques to Personalized Advertisements on Internet Storefronts. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 5(3), 45-62. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/10864415.2001.11044215
- Kokkinos, K., Lakioti, E., Papageorgiou, E., Moustakas, K., & Karayannis, V. (2018). Fuzzy cognitive map-based modeling of social acceptance to overcome uncertainties in establishing waste biorefinery facilities. Frontiers in Energy Research, 6, 112. https:// doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2018.00112
- Kończak, J. (2021). Sports themes in advertising. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21, 1179-1184.
- Kosko, B. (1986). Fuzzy cognitive maps. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 24(1), 65-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7373(86)80040-2
- Kosko, B. (1993). Adaptive inference in fuzzy knowledge networks. In D. Dubois, H. Prade, & R. R. Yager (Eds.), Readings in Fuzzy Sets for Intelligent Systems (pp. 888-891). Morgan Kaufmann. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781483214504500936
- Meng, W., Ding, R., Chung, S. P., Han, S., & Lee, W. (2016, February 16, 21-24). The Price of Free: Privacy Leakage in Personalized Mobile In-Apps Ads. The Network and Distributed System Security (NDSS), San Diego, CA, USA. https://wenke.gtisc.gatech. edu/papers/ndss16_mobile_ad.pdf
- Mouratiadou, I., & Moran, D. (2007). Mapping public participation in the Water Framework Directive: A case study of the Pinios River Basin, Greece. Ecological Economics, 62(1), 66-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.01.009
- O'Donnell, K., & Cramer, H. (2015, May 18-22). People's perceptions of personalized ads. Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on World Wide Web, Florence, Italy. http://www2015.thewebconf.org/documents/proceedings/companion/p1293.pdf
- Özesmi, U., & Özesmi, S. L. (2004). Ecological models based on people’s knowledge: a multi-step fuzzy cognitive mapping approach. Ecological Modelling, 176(1), 43-64. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2003.10.027
- Papageorgiou, E. I., Markinos, A., & Gemptos, T. (2009). Application of fuzzy cognitive maps for cotton yield management in precision farming. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(10), 12399-12413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2009.04.046
- Park, K. S., & Kim, S. H. (1995). Fuzzy cognitive maps considering time relationships. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 42(2), 157-168. https://doi.org/10. 1006/ijhc.1995.1007
- Pihl, P. (2006). An Analysis of the Sports Equipment Industry and One of Its Leading Companies, Head, NV [Master Thesis, Business Administration, Management, and Operations, Liberty University]. Lynchburg, Virginia, United States. https://digitalcommons. liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1176&context=honors
- Rajagopal, S. (2011). Customer data clustering using data mining technique. International Journal of Database Management Systems, 3(4), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijdms.2011.3401
- Ran, F., & Zhang, X. (2011). Financial competitiveness evaluation on sporting goods listed enterprises: A China study. African Journal of Business Management, 5(17), 7404-7409. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM11.137
- Rodriguez-Repiso, L., Setchi, R., & Salmeron, J. L. (2007). Modelling IT projects success: Emerging methodologies reviewed. Technovation, 27(10), 582-594. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.technovation.2006.12.006
- Sajid, S. I. (2016). Social media and its role in marketing. Business and Economics Journal, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6219.1000203
- Sarlab, R., & Seyed Ameri, M. (2021). The Effect of Exchange Rate Volatility on Trade Balance Sports Sector in Selected Countries in the MENA. Sport Management Studies, 12(64), 17-32. https://doi.org/10.22089/smrj.2020.8573.2930
- Savić, Z., Ranđelović, N., Stojanović, N., Stanković, V., & Šiljak, V. (2018). The sports industry and achieving top sports results. Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport, 15(3), 513-522. https://doi.org/10.22190/FUPES1703513S
- Schumann, J. H., von Wangenheim, F., & Groene, N. (2014). Targeted online advertising: Using reciprocity appeals to increase acceptance among users of free web services. Journal of Marketing, 78(1), 59-75. https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.11.0316
- Song, H. S., Kyeong Kim, J., & Kim, S. H. (2001). Mining the change of customer behavior in an internet shopping mall. Expert Systems with Applications, 21(3), 157-168. https:// doi.org/10.1016/S0957-4174(01)00037-9
- Stryczek, M. (2011). Aksjologia sportu. Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Wydział Teologii. Katedra.
- Turban, E., King, D., Lee, J. K., Liang, T. P., & Turban, D. (2010). Electronic Commerce 2010: A Managerial Perspective. Prentice Hall. https://books.google.com/books?id=Qg RuPwAACAAJ
- Ur, B., Leon, P. G., Cranor, L. F., Shay, R., & Wang, Y. (2012, July 11-13). Smart, useful, scary, creepy: perceptions of online behavioral advertising. The eighth symposium on usable privacy and security, Washington, United States. https://www.cylab.cmu.edu/_files/ pdfs/tech_reports/CMUCyLab12007.pdf
- van Vliet, M., Flörke, M., Varela-Ortega, C., Çakmak, E., Khadra, R., Esteve, P., D’agostino, D., Dudu, H., Bärlund, I., & Kok, K. (2017). FCMs as a common base for linking participatory products and models. In Environmental modeling with stakeholders (pp. 145-169). Springer. https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC95999
- Vesanen, J., & Raulas, M. (2006). Building bridges for personalization: A process model for marketing. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 20(1), 5-20. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.20052
- Yan, J., Liu, N., Wang, G., Zhang, W., Jiang, Y., & Chen, Z. (2009, April 20-24). How much can behavioral targeting help online advertising?. Proceedings of the 18th international conference on World wide web, Madrid, Spain. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/ download?doi=10.1.1.215.1473&rep=rep1&type=pdf
- Zhao, X., Gu, C., Zhang, H., Yang, X., Liu, X., Liu, H., & Tang, J. (2021, February 2-9). Dear: Deep reinforcement learning for online advertising impression in recommender systems. The Thirty-Fifth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. https://www.semantic scholar.org/paper/DEAR%3A-Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-for-Online-in-Zhao- Gu/9 4e91560da6e649c2d5eda9e989526697ee3e885
- Zhu, Y.-Q., & Chang, J.-H. (2016). The key role of relevance in personalized advertisement: Examining its impact on perceptions of privacy invasion, self-awareness, and continuous use intentions. Computers in Human Behavior, 65, 442-447. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.chb.2016.08.048
- Ziyadin, S., Doszhan, R., Borodin, A., Omarova, A., & Ilyas, A. (2019). The role of social media marketing in consumer behaviour. E3S Web of Conferences. https://www.e3s-conferences. org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2019/61/e3sconf_itese18_04022.pdf